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| ...nd are suitable for biological pest control. The majority of species lay their eggs in the eggs, larvae or pupae of other insects. Some species of the subfamilies Mesostoinae and Doryctinae are therefore well known for depositing their eggs in plant leaves (they lay their eggs in bile). | | |
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| The life span of the adults is often only a few days. The larvae live within almost all parts of plants. Some species inject their eggs into plant leaves on which a small ball grows with the eggs inside, other species live parasitically in the implantations of other insects. | | |
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| ...e stocky and often bright yellow to yellowy-orange in colour. Their sparse hair and long dark bristles are very striking. The head bears large compound eyes which are often red. Many species have patterned wings. Lauxaniid fly larvae live in rotting leaves and are also often found in birds' nests. | | |
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| ...onic state. The head has 4 reddish or brownish horns. The two central ones protrude significantly in height above the others. The strikingly broad posterior end into direction of the head looks like being pressed. The caterpillars mainly feed on the leaves of the western strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo). They are very sensitive to frost. Therefore, this species is absent in a small area north of the Adriatic. | | |
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| Adults are nocturnal and active from May to August, especially in June to July. Their life expectancy is 46 - 59 days. By day they hide behind loose bark, in old tunnels or in the leaves of their home tree. The strong locatedness of the Great capricorn beetle (the beetle flies only short distances) significantly restricts its dissemination. After mating, the fertilized females lay 60 - 450 eggs in portions of 1 - 3 eggs in fissures ... | | |
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| ...t edges, forest meadows and wet meadows, as well as in parks or large gardens. The adult beetles are diurnal and can be found sitting on small trees and a variety of other plants (Umbelliferae, Asteraceae) where they feed on pollen, nectar and young leaves. When they occur en masse, they can cause considerable damage to vegetation. Amonsgt their natural enemies are: insect-eaters, birds and spiders. | | |
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| After mating, the fertilized females lay their eggs on the larval food plants. The larvae devour the leaves of various trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants. These include willow (Salix), poplar(Populus), alder (Alnus) and buttercup (Ranunculaceae). | | |
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| ...roups, on the food plants of their larvae. The larvae are yellowish after hatching and resemble caterpillars. They have 8 small pairs of legs attached to the abdomen. Their antennae have 4 - 5 segments. The larvae of Tenthredo campestris feed on the leaves of various herbaceous plants, trees and shrubs. Their food of preference is ground-elder (Aegopodium podagraria). When disturbed, the larvae curl into a "S" and resemble small snakes. En masse these larvae can cause major damage to shrub... | | |
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| The cuckoo bee Nomada fucata lives parasitically in the nests of Andrena flavipes, smuggling its eggs in, and leaves its brood as well as their supply with nutrition to the hosts. It may happen that the cuckoo bee larvae eat all the host larvae’s food supplies so that the host larvae eventually starve. | | |
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| ...adows and fields. They are diurnal and usually sit on plants (grasses, herbaceous plants and shrubs) or flowers, in order to feed on small insects (living or dead aphids). Occasionally Cantharis fusca eat the young sprouts of the oak tree), or buds, leaves and nectar and pollen from various other plants. | | |
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