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| After mating, the females keep the sperm viable. They lay approximately 20 - 90 eggs in a hollow space. The hatched larvae are guarded by the females. The larvae shed their skin several times. | | |
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| The thorax in both sexes is yellowish brown to olive-brown. The abdomen of the females isup to 34 mm in length and dark with a mesh-like pattern and 2 black bands running lengthwise. In older females the abdomen may turn blue (through coverage with wax). The 2nd to 7th abdominal segments of the older males (excreted by wax that adheres to the surface) are also a powdery blue. The abdomen of the males reaches lengths of 30 - 35 mm. Young males al... | | |
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| The fertilized females lay 20 - 30 oblong eggs, about 0. 5 mm in length, immediately after mating. This is done near the water’s edge, in the presence of the males who keep watch. After oviposition the females are guided back to the riparian vegetation by the males, and mating occurs again. The grip of the female on the male is so strong during mating that the blue wax layer at the end of the male’s abdomen dissolves and the tip turns black. | | |
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| Adult Pyrrhosoma nymphula reach body lengths of 35 - 45 mm. Their bodies are bright red in colour. They have compound eyes. In the males, the upper part of the eyes is red in colour, while the lower part is whitish to yellow. In the females the eye colouration is paler. The thorax has black markings on its upper surface and on the sides. Young specimens of both sexes have yellow to bright red stripes on the surface of the middle segment of the thorax (mesothorax). In some females these stripes are paler - reddish-orange to yellow - and they can darken with age. The underside of the thorax is yellowish to whitish in both sexes. | | |
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| Both males and females have red and black markings on the abdomen. In the females these markings can be divided into three basic patterns according to their shape and location.
In type 1, which is themost common, the 2nd - 6th segments are red. A black line runs along the centre of these segments, which widens into a patch at... | | |
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| Their bodies are elongated. The abdomen has 9 segments. The females have a short ovipositor, shaped like a saw. The females cut into plants and lay their eggs with the ovipositor. The larvae of some species live in leaf courses, while others live in galls. | | |
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| ...nt only, and it clearly stands out from the front of the body, and is black with diagonal stripes of a whitish-yellow or yellow colour. The abdomen of the males is long and slender and has a yellow stripe. The abdomen appears slightly shorter in the females and is round to oval in shape with a white or yellowish-white stripe. The wings bases and the legs of the males are yellow. Dark bands and spots are clearly visible on the legs above the red feet (tarsi). The tibia of the females are reddish. | | |
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Andrena (Zonandrena) flavipes are one of the medium sized species. The females reach body lengths of 10 - 14 mm, while the males are 9 - 13 mm in length and slightly slimmer. The hair on the face makes the head appear brownish in colour. The sides of the thorax also also covered in brownish hair. The abdomen has a black base c...
...e males are 9 - 13 mm in length and slightly slimmer. The hair on the face makes the head appear brownish in colour. The sides of the thorax also also covered in brownish hair. The abdomen has a black base colour, and is particularly striking in the females because of the broad white bars at the end of their abdominal segments. Andrena flavipes are similar in appearance to honey bees (Apis). | | |
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| Adult Scoliidae reach body lengths of 10-40 mm. While the females are stocky, the males appear smaller and slimmer. The basic colour of the body is black in most species. The upper surface is frequently marked with white, yellow, orange or red spots. The appearance of the males and females varies widely. | | |
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| Adult Sarcophaga carnaria reach body lengths of 7 - 18 mm. The males are smaller than the females. Their bodies are slimly built, more or less hairy, and light grey, dark grey or black in colour. Their head, , appears almost square when seen in profile. The forehead protrudes and is narrow in the males, and wider in the females. 2 pairs of strong bristles run from the edge of the eyes to the forehead. The compound eyes are red and hairless and situated at the side of the head. Long, white hair is visible on the back of the head and on the "cheeks". The underside ... | | |
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