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| Plagiognathus arbustorum usually reproduce once a year. The fertilized females use their probosces to bore holes in the stems of the larvae’s food plants, where they then lay their eggs. The larvae are greenish with black markings. They appear in the spring and feed on plants just like the adults and are fully developed by Ju... | | |
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| Sexual maturity is reached when the fly is fully developed and these insects mate several times between May and August. The fertilized females lay their eggs on rotting plants, aquatic plants or on the surface of water. | | |
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| The chest section (thorax) has a dark greyish-green sheen, and is covered (especially in the case of the females) in thick, wavy, golden brown hair, growing backwards. These hairs thin out over time and then 4 dark lines appear lengthwise. The males have thicker hair at the sides. At the edges of the scutellum are 6-8 long, black bristles. The abdomen is ... | | |
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| Common cluster flies mate from May on. The females lay eggs in crevices in the soil. The development from larvae to adult takes about two months. After hatching, the larvae infect earthworms from the family Lumbricidae (especially those of the genus Allolobophora) by penetrating their skin. They ... | | |
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| Paraplatypeza atra live on the organic debris from trees and herb leaves. The females lay their eggs on fungi, which the larvae feed on. The deer mushroom (Pluteus cervinus) is preferred. The larvae reach body lengths of 4-5 mm. Their yellow to brown bodies are shaped like isopods and have appendages of different sizes according to w... | | |
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| ...ng on adult insects, insects’ larvae or on snails. Dendroxena quadrimaculata live off caterpillars, while members of the genus Nicrophorus bury the corpses of small animals (mice, moles etc.) and dig an incubator for oviposition alongside them. The females form small balls out of the dead tissue with which they feed the larvae after hatching. Beetles of the genera Thanatophilus, Necrodes and Silpha also live on carrion, but without burying it. | | |
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| ...d chewing. The forewings are short and . the hind wings are large and folded up and hidden under the forewings when these insects are at rest. At the posterior end of the abdomen is a pair of pincers, used for the capture of prey and for holding females during mating. | | |
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| ...outhparts consist of an intermediate form of tools to chew and suck. Some species also have spinning glands. The males’ forewings at their rear edge are reversed like a hook and thus hand along the thicker front edge of the rear wing, while the females have stunted forewings or no forewings at all. | | |
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| Valenzuela flavidus live on various plants, tree trunks and tree bark. They feed, amongst other things, on fungus. They have a life expectancy of up to 12 weeks. Females are capable of laying up to 120 eggs in a lifetime. When conditions are favourable (in buildings) they can produce up to 8 new generations. | | |
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| By spring or early summer, Rhopalus subrufus have reached sexual maturity and mate. The fertilized females lay their eggs on the underside of the leaves of the preferred food plants of the larvae. The larvae feed on these leaves for about 4 to 5 weeks after hatching (usually in the month of August);later they feed on the fruit. Theygo through 5 stages of... | | |
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