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Photography with cameras
Nikon D3x, Nikon D300, Canon 50D
Image editing with Photoshop |
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Keyword: Female |
Overview - a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z | |
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| ...ound in the company of spiders from the family Linyphiidae.
Males survive mating, which occurs in September and lasts only a few minutes Before mating takes place a number of sexually mature males appear in the vicinity of the orb-web of the female , where they wait for the female’s readiness to mate. If an insect gets caught in the female’s web, the males race towards it and the fastest spider wraps the prey in silk and offers it as a "bridal gift" to the female. While the female spider eats the gift , the successful male starts a courtship ritual during which it drums and plucks at the threads of the web to get the full attention of the female. When the female is ready, she takes position on a mating string at the rear of the web. After mating the male spider leaves.
The female autumn spider creates several white, round cocoons onthe branches or the bark of trees for the protection of the eggs. Up to 100 yellow eggs are laid in these cocoons. A few days later the female autumn spider dies. The eggs overwinter in the cocoon. The new generation hatches in spring.
Some natural enemies of the autumn spider are: insectivores, birds and other spiders from the family pirate spiders (Mimetidae), for example species o... | | |
| Female worker european hornets live for 3-4 weeks, drones,1-2 months, and the queen, up to 14 months. The queen, is the only member of the colony who overwinters. In the middle of April she leaves her hiding place and at the beginning of May,starts...
...de from chewed wood. The queen lays fertilized eggs in this honeycomb. After the larvae have hatched the queen takes care of the brood, feeding the larvae with insects and spiders until they pupate in early June. These larvae will become the female workers. As soon as the young female workers have left their pupae, they take over nearly all activities of the queen, who then almost exclusively lays eggs, up to 40 a day in late summer. With strong heat the female workers move their wings, in order to cooling of the nest and thus to save the brood from too much heat. | | |
| | | Bibionidae | ...e are dark , very hairy and resemble Diptera. They have large, evenly structured antennae on their heads. The males are very large, and have compound eyes of various dimensions on the upper side of the head which is hairy (the face too), while the females are smaller and hairless. The females have a spike to dig with on their forelegs. The colour of the male and female Bibionidae is different, the male being black and the female being reddish brown to amber. In spring and autumn Bibionidae often swarm en masse. They do not sting and they feed on nectar or honeydew. They contribute to the pollination of fruit trees. The insects mate within the swarm, and the males of the ...
... to the pollination of fruit trees. The insects mate within the swarm, and the males of the Bibio marci for example can become very aggressive. While the Nematocera are generally good flyers, i. e. the Bibio hortulanus are sluggish and slow.
The female Bibionidae lay up to 3,000 eggs, individually or in small groups in the soil, where they are buried. The hatched larvae, which are resist to the cold, are usually hairy and are found en masse (especially in the upper layers of humus). They live on... | | |
| | Both males and females overwinter. In spring they mate. When it is time to lay eggs the female gnaws a tunnel into dead wood, up to 30 cm in length. At the end of the tunnel is a cell which is approximately 2.5 cm wide ; the female brings pollen and nectar here and lays an egg. She then seals the cell with chippings which she glues together with her saliva. In the direction of the exit the female then builds a new cell and then another and so on. When the larvae hatch they are like maggots and they develop for 3 weeks. They then turn into pupae and finish their development in June. | | |
| Females are light brown, olive brown, olive green or ochre in colour. The basal spots on their hindwings are yellow or yellow-orange. The wingspan of the scarlet dragonfly is 55 - 70 mm. Between the wing approaches a light narrow dorsal line can be detecte...
...hes a light narrow dorsal line can be detected. The pterostigma is yellow or orange-yellow to brown. Scarlet dragonflies can easily be confused with some darter species, however, they are larger and have a flatter abdomen than the darters. Young and female scarlet dragonflies are similar in colouration to female black-lined skimmers(Orthetrum cancellatum). The latter, however, have agrey to bluish marking on their wings. Female scarlet dragonflies also have a vertically protruding ovipositor. The legs are strongly built and are used to catch prey. | | |
| | They build nests in the ground for their eggs and the developing offspring. Therefore often serve them cavities in the soil. Inside the nests they erect breeding cells for their larvae. The hatched larvae feed on spiders captured by the female spider wasps. Some species build nests in human dwellings. Others are parasitoids, living in other spider wasps nests. In the latter case, the female lays its eggs inside a dead spider, which just gets carried into the nest of another female spider wasp. This may be on the itinerary, or even the foreign nest. | | |
| ...hora and Amegilla are active from March to June. They are often visible on deadnettle (Lamium) or on other species of the mint family (Lamiaceae), as well as on borage (Borago officinalis) and species of the primrose family (Primulaceae).
The females dig tunnels in loose soil for their nests. These tunnels are approximately 100 mm long and sometimes branched. It can happen that several females build their nests very close to each other. The nests are equipped with small chambersshaped like hazelnuts, which are smooth inside and treated with an antibiotic acting secretion. The front brood chamber is often filled with the food supply a...
...ich are smooth inside and treated with an antibiotic acting secretion. The front brood chamber is often filled with the food supply and is meant to divert parasites’ attention from the brood in the rear chambers.
Before oviposition occurs, the females fill the brood chambers with a puree of pollen and nectar, on which they lay their eggs ,in a small puddle of nectar. The hatched larvae feed on the puree until early autumn, thereafter they pupate within the brood chamber. They overwinter as ...
... until early autumn, thereafter they pupate within the brood chamber. They overwinter as pupae and hatch as adult bees in March. Among the parasites who feed on the brood of Anthophora and Amegilla is the oil beetle Sitaris muralis. In march, the female Sitaris muralis beetles place an egg on the fur of hatched male Anthophora and Amegilla.
During mating the eggs are transferred to the fur of the female bees and are thus transported unnoticed into the bees’ nests. The hatched larvae of the oil beetle feed on the food stores and on the brood of the Anthophora and Amegilla bees.
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| Due to their camouflage Orange tips mate in April or May. At this time the male orange tips (can be observed frequently at hedges and in meadows on their search for the shy and inconspicuous females. Oviposition of the fertilized females takes place separately (in rarer cases in small groups) do you mean that the eggs are usually laid singly on the preferred food plants of the caterpillars, such as the cuckoo flower (Cardamine pratensis), bittercress (Cardamine amara), garlic ...
...the preferred food plants of the caterpillars, such as the cuckoo flower (Cardamine pratensis), bittercress (Cardamine amara), garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) and many different Brassicaceae (in former times: Cruciferae). From the latter the female orange tip clearly prefer dame’s rocket (Hesperis matronalis), although this offers little food for the larvae. They prefer to visit plants in damp and half shady biotopes. Food plants are chosen particularly because of their ethereal oil (m...
...me’s rocket (Hesperis matronalis), although this offers little food for the larvae. They prefer to visit plants in damp and half shady biotopes. Food plants are chosen particularly because of their ethereal oil (mustard oil) content, which the females detect using chemosensors, which are on their forelegs. In order to avoid egg laying on the same plant by other orange tips, the female leaves odoriferous substances (pheromones) on the leaves.
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| | A hierarchy develops amongst the female workers of the new hornet colony which resembles the pecking order amongst chickens and this can create aggression, which leads to more or less heavy fighting between individual female workers. When this happens workers may sting each other resulting in deaths. If the population of the nest expands greatly and there is no room for further development all the hornets move to a more suitable place and establish a new nest (branch ... | | |
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