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Keyword: Dung | | Seite 1 von 4 1 2 3 4 | | | |
| Dor Beetles - Earth-boring dung beetles | Dor Beetles or Earth-boring dung beetles (Geotrupidae) are a family of beetles. There are approximately 500 species globally , only 10 of which can be found in Central Europe. Examples of species are: Geotrupes stercorarius, Anoplotrupes stercorosus, Geotrupes vernalis and Typha...
...ength. Their bodies range in shape from oval to spherical. They can be black, brown, metallic blue, green or blue green in colour. The male insects wear horns, humps or have deep impressions on their large and curved necks.
The earth-boring dung beetle lives in forests, steppes and fields.
The adult beetles are active during the day and night. They are clumsy in flight. Adults and larvae feed on faeces, rotten plants and fungi. Some eat leaves, others do not apply to food.
Dung beetles dig complex underground systems of passages (often beside dung). The young are fed and taken care of in individual chambers. | | |
| | Common yellow dung fly | | The common yellow dung fly (Scathophaga stercoraria), also called the golden dung fly, belongs to the family dung flies (Scathophagidae) and the genus Scathophaga. This species is common and widespread throughout Europe, North America and Asia.
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| | | Dung flies | | Dung flies (Scatophagidae) belong to the order Diptera , the suborder Brachycera and to the superfamily Muscoidea, within which they form a separate family. Dung flies are found throughout the world. There are approximately 300 species worldwide, of which about 100 are known in Europe and up to 140 in North America . Some examples are: common yellow dung fly (Scathophaga stercoraria), Coproica acutangula, Parallelomma vittatum, Scathophaga litorea and Lotophila atra. | | |
| They also feed on dung heaps and carcasses to obtain protein and minerals. 30 000 to 50 000 flies can be encountered at the same time, especially in autumn when they gather to overwinter and to mark their mating spots with special scents in the vicinity of their winter...
...ots with special scents in the vicinity of their winter habitats for next year. In extreme cases, several hundred thousand can gather. In spring, after overwintering, the flies meet up at the marked places. Male Sepsis fulgens usually then visit dung-heaps where they await females for mating. The mating takes place at another location later on.
The female flies lay their eggs on dung-heaps or compost heaps. From the first or second day after hatching, the larvae begin feeding on feces or rotting parts of plants. At the end of their third larval stage the fully developed larvae turn into pupae. This happens in the dung or compost or in the soil below it. From egg to adult fly can take 14 to 32 days.
Parasitoid mites like Bonomoia sphaerocerae and Macrocheles insignitus are the natural enemies of Sepsis Fulgens. These mites also use the flies as a means of tra... | | |
| | Geotrupes stercorarius | Geotrupes stercorarius belongs to the family of earth-boring dung beetles. It is found in Europe, Asia and Canada.
Geotrupes stercorarius reach lengths of 16 mm to 25 mm. The face of the beetle is black or black-blue, and the underside is blue, blue-green or blueviolet. The beetles are slightly hairy. Their ...
...y at night close to the ground making a loud humming sound. In the spring males and females dig a 40 cm long underground tunnel for mating, which leads into several chambers, which can be reached through temporary tunnels. In the chambers, balls of dung are placed before the larvae as a future food supply. The side passages to the chambers are then filled with feces and sealed with clay. The larvae need approximately 1 year to grow up and then to turn into pupae.
The number of Geotrupes stercora... | | |
| | The adult common yellow dung flies reach body lengths of 5-12 mm. They are brown, yellowish-brown, golden, yellow (male) to yellowish-green (female) and are covered in dense furry hair. Common yellow dung flies have yellow faces with whitish-gray or sometimes slightly brownish foreheads. In the centre of their chest section (mesonotum) is a narrow red stripe. Their antennae and proboscis are black and their legs are yellow.
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| | The common yellow dung fly’s habitat of preference is animal pastures, where it can be found on dung heaps. It is also encountered in gardens, where it feeds on compost. The adult flies feed on nectar from flowers or on the body fluids of small insects. | | |
| | Lesser dung fly | | The Lesser dung fly (Sepsis fulgens) belongs to the genus Sepsis, in the order Diptera, suborder Brachycera, infraorder Muscomorpha (Section: Schizophora; Subsection: Acalyptratae), superfamily Sciomyzoidea, family black scavenger flies (Sepsidae), subfami... | | |
| | Dung midges - Minute black scavenger flies | | The minute black scavenger flies (Scatopsidae), also known as "dung midges" are an important family, in the order flies (Diptera), the suborder Nematocera, the infraorder Psychodomorpha and the superfamily Scatopsoidea. This family is divided into the subfamilies Aspistinae, Ectaetiinae, Psectrosciarinae and Sc... | | |
| | ...irtually any organic food source however the larvae have a completely different diet to the adults. Beetles can be classified according to what they eat. There are two types coprophagous and necrophagous. The former feed on excrement (earth-boring dung beetles) and the latter on carrion (Silphidae).
The excretions of both species are from great importance at the remineralization of the soil. Beetles, like all living creatures, are dependent on water. There are species that live under or near th... | | |
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